Environmental Sustainability
Environmental sustainability was attained through satisfaction of the supplier’s environmental certification as detailed by ISO 14001 and EMAS (Matthews, 2003). These companies also had their products labeled with eco-labels like the green light label. Coca-Cola, Nestlé, and Electrolux were able to adopt environmental criteria in their supply chains through multiple activities for all stakeholders.
Sustainability was also attained through the reduction in input resources. Towards this end, most companies were able to prove that they had reduced the wastage of materials, and energy during the production stage of their products and services.
According to Veleva et al. (2001), this can easily be achieved if companies are able to reduce their consumption, and intake of fresh water, fuel, and raw materials.
Of interest was the increased initiative to reduce waste and hazard emissions during production and transportation processes. These companies initiate the reduction of hazmats such as Sulphur oxides, acids, mercury, arsenic, hydrofluorocarbons, and benzene, and sold waste during their operations.
As Matthews (2003) showed, this initiative also showed the renewed social responsibility companies especially multinationals were involved in. Of interest to all companies in the survey was the reduction of greenhouse gasses and the management of waste.
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